Process of preparing and dispensing beverages.



Y B. H. GALKIN & E. W. MAYFIELD. PROCESS OF PREPARING AND DISPENSING BEVERAGES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, 1 905.

994,975, Patented J1me 13, 1911.

Wit/i esse s: In ven tor-v, y Z2 M .44 Id 2. WM S -414,, 6 SYN/0,972,, ma a; 16L,

m an STATES PATENT onnrcn.

BENJAMIN n.

rnocnss on :ennrnnme nnnmsrnn'sme nnvna'aens.

Specification of Letters Patent. n tv Jun 13 1911; Application filed March 31, 1905.- S erial No. 253,062.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known'that we, BENJAMIN HOVEY CALKIN and EDWIN WEILINGTQN MAYrmLD, .citizens' of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illino s, have invented certain new and use-' ful Improvements in Processes of Preparingand Dispensing Beverages, of which the following 1s a specification.

Our invention is a method of preparing and dispensing beverages, and is part cularly intended for the production and keeping of liquid cofiee in a t meeting the the heavier liquid, which sup good palatable dition for an indefinite time. V i

In restaurants, cafes and other public eatin places, it is customary to prepare liquid co ee in large quantities, with a view to emands of the atrons and to the economical production of the beverage. Great difliculty as been experienced, however in keepingthe coffee in a palatable condition, owing to two causes, mainly; first, the extract if allowed to remain undisturbed for any length of time has a tendency to stratify, owing to the specific gravity of the different ortions, so that is first drawn off, is practically unfit for consumption, and, secondly, the operation of mechanically repouring the liquid through the coffee container, exposes such liquid to the oxidizing influence of the external atmosphere.

Our invention overcomes these two most serious defects in the commercial roduction and storage of liquid cofiee. e prepare the extract in a chamber closed against the admission of atmospheric air, and it is stored in such chamber below, and free from contact with, the woody fiber or pulpy residue of the coffee berry. For the purpose 0 overcoming Stratification of the liquid coffee, without exposing the same to the oxidizing efi'ect of the air, and without changing the temperature of the stored extract, we mechanically agitate the liquid by injecting therein a current of hot aeriform fluid, preferably steam. Said agitating fluid is injected at a temperature equal to, or above the temperature of the stored liquid, and it is lied directly into the body or mass of sai stored extract, below the level thereof.

In the making of coffee beverages from the ground berry as at resent carried on, where an, urn is used, it is, necessary, in order to get the best results and the proper thoroughly ex strength, to draw off the first decoction or llquor which'results from pouring boiling CALKIN AND EDWIN WELLINGTON HAYFIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

water on the coifee, and then repour said decoction or liquor back through the ground coffee into the urn. One reason for this operation is that the ground coffee contained with the 'rece tacle inside the urn, packs tightly in sai receptacle as soon is it becomes moist, so that the grounds are not I oscd to the action of the hot water; and a extraction from the ground cofiee is stronger and of greater specific gravity than that subsequently made, so that the firstdecoction or liquor will the cofl'ee urn unless the portions of different s ecific gravities are properly mixed.

' "Ihe hquid coffee in the lower portion of the ar is usually drawn ofi? througha cook or faucet into a vessel and poured back into the coffee receptacle within the urn, thereby subjecting the ground coffee repeatedly to the action of the liquor, and at the same time mixing the heavier or stronger. beverage with the lighter or weaker beverage, resulting in a production which is uniform in strength and specific gravitfy. 'While these operations are being per ruled the urn is out of service, and for obvious reasons,ethis is objectionable. Another objection to the repouring process is that the coffee extract is subjected to the oxidizing influence of the external atmosphere, and the coifee becomes tasteless and unpalatable.

Our new method avoids'the necessity for withdrawing and repouring the beverage, but we obtain satisfactory results in the extraction and mixing of the beverage, -besides securing other advantages which will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Our invention maybe practiced by any suitable form of apparatus, but in the drawing we have illustrated a vertical section of a cofiee urn which is equipped with one embodiment of means for carrying out our method.

Referring to said drawing, A designates an outer casin of a coifee urn, the upper part of which 15 closed by a suitable cover, a. Said urn is equipped with an ordinary hot water faucet, a, a water gage, a", a safety pipe F, a cofiee faucet, 0 a coffee gage, a, and a suitable form of heater, a Within the casing, A, is a cylindrical jacket, B, the space between the bottom and sides urther reason is that the first remain at the bottom of per part of said 'acket and the bottom and sides of the casing orming'a hot water chamber.

Within the acket, B, is a cofi'ee ar, C, sa1d jar being supported Within the acket in a suitable way, and is preferably spacedtherefrom to leave an intermediate chamber. The jar, C, is adapted to contain a suitable receptacle for the ground coffee berry, and as usual in the art, this receptacle is a cofiee bag E supported removably within the upthe jar. A draw off pipe, 0, is attached to the bottom of the jacket, B, said pipe extending The 'gage tube, 0 extends upwardly fromthe faucet, 0 the upper end of said gage tube being secured to and communicat ng with a valve casing, D. This valve casing is provided with a nozzle, (1, and a tubular extension, d", and within the valve casing there is provided a two-way .valve of any desired pattern. In the tubular extension, a, is slidably mounted a pump valve, d,

v adapted to be operated by a hand lever, d. 6.

The valve casing, D, is coupled to the cas ing A, so as to have communication withthe water and steam chamber of the urn,;

and in the passage between the valve casing,

D, and the casing, A, operates a stop coo (i by which communication is controlled between said valve casing and the. aforesaid water or steam chamber of the urn.

With the exception of the casing, D, and the attachments described, the urn is quite similar to those in common use in restaurants, hotels and the like. Where such an urn is one of a battery of urns, or where the urn has'exterior steam connections for heating water in the chamber surrounding the jacket, B, we may nozzle, '11, when carrying out our method of preparing and dispensing cofiee. By

opening the valve in the casing, D, so that communication is established between the nozzle, d, and the age tube, a, and at the same time closing t e stop cock, d", we are able to supply steam from an external boiler, whereby steam may pass through the .gage tube, 0, through the valve in the faucet, 0 and thence through the pipe, 0, upwardly into the jar, C, through the bottom of the latter.

The steam injected directly into the liquid extract or decoc'tionv contained in the lower part of the jar, C, will agitate said extract scribed, we may attach a pipe to the whereby steam or decoction, thereby mixing the heavier decoction or liquor in the lower art of the jar with'the lighter portion of t e li uid in the intermediate or upperpart oft e jar,

pipe, 0, will serve to clean ,or flush out the atter.

- Instead of utilizin steam under pressure and injected into the liquid extract or decoction, for the purpose of agitating said decoction Without exposing it to air and without change in temperature, as heretofore deopen the valve in the casing, D, so that its portswill communicate, respectively, with the extension, d, and the gage tube, 0 after which the lever, d, may

be manipulated so as to draw air in through the tube of the extension, (5 and around the pump valve, whereby air may be forced down through the casing, D, the gage, 0 the faucet, c and the pipe, 0', upwardly into'the jar, C, for the purpose of agitating the beverage or decoctlon. It'is preferred, however, to employ steam for agitating the liquid extract, because the steam when in ected under the required 7 pressure is at atemperature which will not through the pipe, 0 the faucet, c and the.

lower the temperature of the beverage or decoction, and which will agitate the decoction without exposingit to the oxidizin influence of the air. As previously described, the steam may be supplied from an external source through a noz'zle, d, but if steam is generated within the chamber surrounding the jacket, B, the stop cock, d may be opened and thevalve in the casing, D, may be adjusted so that its ports may register with the stop cock opening and the gage, a, will pass from the chamber of the casing, 'A, through the valve casing, D, tge gage, a, and the pipe, 0', into the ar,

The method of preparing and dispensing beverage herein described should not be" confused with prior methods or a pliances wherein steam is utilized for coo ing the substances operated'upon. While we may employ steam in carrying out our method, it is preferred to employ some medium which will have no chemical or cooking effect on the coffee,- and, accordingly, we may, in some instances, employ either hot ,or cold water under pressure.

It is to be understood that we subject the liquid extract or decoction to the action of a current composed of a suitable medium for the purpose of stirring up the liquid extract and of agitating the ground cofi'ee so that the hot water in the urn may become intimately associated with the ground coilee and with the heavier extract, whereby stratification of the extract is obviated and the decoction is thoroughly mixed.

In the process of preparing the beverage,"

- the urn is partly filled with hot water and the ground cofi'ee is immersed in the water. the steam or other medium being admitted for the purpose of agitating the liquid so as to extract the essence from the coffee. In the service of the urn, the liquid extract is drawnthrough the faucet, c and, practically speaking, the decoction or extract is contained in the lower part of the jar, 0, free from contact with the bag, E, and the coli'ee grounds therein, whereby the extract or beverage is stored within a heated chamber so that it will not absorb or become flavored with the woody fiber or pulpy residue of coffee grounds. The extract may, from time to time, be'agitated by admitting steam thereto for the purpose of thoroughly mixing the lighter and heavier particles of the beverage, and, on the whole, the beverage is'stored and kept in a hot, palatable condition for several hours. 7 D

, Having thus fully described the invention, what we. claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of preparing and dispensing beverages which consists in first preparing a liquid extract from a vegetable mass within a vessel closed from communication with atmospheric air, heating the prepared extract, and subsequent to the preparation of the extract, agitating said extract,

without exposure to air and without change 1n. temperature,

2. The method of preparing and dispensing beverages which consists in making an extract by admitting water to a vegetable mass; storing such extract in a chamber thereof are 'commingled, and drawing the by injecting a current ofsteam under pressure directly into the liquid extract, whereby stratification of the liquid is overcome and all portions thereof are thoroughly mixed.

extract direct from the aforesaid storage chamber.

3. The method of preparing and dispensing beverages which consists in making an extract by admitting hot liquid to a vegetable mass; storing such extract in an air tight chamber; agitating the liquid extract subsequent to its preparation and while stored within said chamber by injecting steam directly into the body of such extract, whereby stratification of the extract is obviated and the light and heavy liquids are mixed, without exposure to the oxidizing influence of air and change oftemperature of the extract, and dispensing the extract from said chamber.

4. That improvement in the art of dispensing beverages, which consists in storing a prepared extract within a closed chamber, and agitatin said extract subsequent to its preparation y injecting a current 0t steam directly into the mass or bodyof such extract, whereby stratification is obviated, and the constituents of the liquid are mixed without exposure to the oxidizing influence of the air or involving a change in the temperature of the beverage.

5. The improvement in the art of dispensing beverages, such as tea or Coffee, which consists in storing the beverage within a substantially air tight chamber; injecting a current of steam directly into said beverage subsequent to its preparation and while stored Within the chamber, whereby the beverage is agitated for the purpose of mixing itstlight and heavy elements, thus precluding stratification of the beverage without changing its temperature, and dispensing the beverage from said chamber.

6. The improvement in the art of preparing and dispensing beverages which consists in supporting a solid essence bearing material within a closed chamber, supplying liquid to said material and preparing a liquid extract therefrom, storing the prepared extract in said chamber, agitating the extract subsequent to its preparation, and

bringing the agitated extract in contact with the essence-bearing material, by injecting a current upwardly into the liquid extract, and dispensing the liquid extract from the closed chamber.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses:

M. SIMONS, ELMER C. KIMBALL. 

